Adding a reptile to the household can be a great decision if you have taken the time to choose a species that will fit into your home well. For the health and wellbeing of the animal, it is important to make sure you have their enclosure set up and all your necessary reptile supplies purchased before bringing the animal home. Making a list of necessities is a good way to ensure you have everything you need. While all reptiles require a certain degree of specialization, there are a number of essentials that every species alike will require.
The most obvious essential is the enclosure itself. It is important that the cage is secure and that its material and layout reflect the needs of the species you are keeping. Many snakes prefer a humid environment and use mostly horizontal space, so for small juveniles, a properly sized aquarium with a ventilated lid can make a good enclosure. Arboreal lizards including iguanas prefer a lot of vertical space and climbable walls, so it is important to provide them with mesh walls and a tall enclosure that allows them to stretch their legs and explore every inch of their habitat.
Food and water dishes are also needed, but in different forms for different animals. Some animals such as snakes feed infrequently and on live food only, making a food dish unnecessary. Others such as bearded dragons need freshly chopped fruits and vegetables on a daily basis, making it important to provide them with a shallow ceramic dish to prevent the food from becoming contaminated. Snakes need deep water dishes for soaking and bathing, while desert reptiles such as certain breeds of geckos may prefer a shallow dish that they can occasionally take a sip from.
It is necessary for hygiene and environmental reasons to add a substrate to the habitat. Keeping a substrate instead of a bare floor makes it easier to monitor waste and clean the cage, while certain specialty substrates will help keep environmental factors stable. Juvenile animals should be kept on a carpet-type bedding or newspaper to prevent them from accidentally ingesting small pieces, which can cause fatal blockages. Older desert animals enjoy sand, while adult rainforest or arboreal reptiles prefer moss or fiber beddings. Soft wood beddings such as pine should be avoided, but non-aromatic aspen can be used for nearly any adult reptile and is a popular choice with snakes.
Once you have selected an enclosure and outfitted it with substrate and dishes, you can select a heating element which will usually be an overhead lighting gradient such as clamp lamps with bulbs of different spectrums or wattages. Decorate as necessary with functional objects that the reptile will appreciate, such as climbing branches and basking rocks, as well as misters or water pools. At this point, your habitat is ready to become home to your new reptile. Introduce him slowly and allow it to become acquainted with its new home, outfitted with all the supplies you carefully chose for its specific needs.
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